What to Know About Gestational 五月天视频
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)--听that can develop during pregnancy in women who don鈥檛 already have听the condition--affects approximately ten percent of pregnant women.
滨迟听occurs听during pregnancy听when听the听body can鈥檛 make enough听insulin,听a hormone made by听the听pancreas that acts like a key to let blood sugar into the cells in your body for use as energy.听
The hormonal fluctuations that the body undergoes during pregnancy, which causes changes such as weight gain, can听cause听the听body鈥檚 cells to use insulin less effectively. All pregnant women experience some听听during late pregnancy, but听some have听it听even before they听become听pregnant. Their听pregnancies听start听with a听greater听need for insulin and are more likely to听experience听gestational diabetes.听
But there鈥檚 good news, says Melissa Katz,听MD,听Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine鈥- Weill Cornell Medical College and Cornell University and听Assistant Attending Physician鈥-听NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital.听
鈥淭he chances of being diagnosed with GDM can be markedly decreased by starting pregnancy at a normal weight and with a healthy diet,鈥澨Dr. Katz听says. 鈥淲omen should not eat an excess of carbohydrates.听Having a reasonable pre-pregnancy exercise regimen is also helpful.鈥听
Around 70% of cases can be treated with diet modifications and exercise.听
鈥淭he mother must adjust her diet听so the baby receives an appropriate amount of sugar, rather than excessive quantities,鈥澨Dr. Katz explains. 鈥淭his is essential to decrease the risk of complications.鈥听
Those complications can include听the baby听being born听large for their gestational age;听听(low blood sugar)听at birth;听congenital malformations; and pre-term delivery.听
About 30% of听pregnant women听may need to take insulin or other medication to lower her glucose level.听
鈥泪迟鈥s important for mothers with GDM to recognize that a normal glucose level is important, regardless of whether it is achieved with diet听or听medication鈥 Dr. Katz adds.听
The consequences of poor glucose control during pregnancy can include听听(when a woman who previously had normal blood pressure suddenly develops high blood pressure and protein in her urine or other problems after 20 weeks of pregnancy); gestational hypertension;听or听excess amniotic fluid.听
Though testing for GDM is usually conducted around the 24th听to 28th听week of pregnancy,听it听may be done earlier if the mother is in a high-risk category, for听example, if the woman has polycystic ovarian syndrome, prediabetes, and/or obesity.听Also听at higher risk for GDM are women with a family history of Type 2 diabetes, those are older, and those who use steroids during pregnancy.听
鈥淧reconception counseling is essential for all women with any risk factors,鈥 Dr. Katz says. 鈥淧re-pregnancy weight loss and nutritional education should be encouraged for overweight or obese women.鈥听
For the mother,听GDM usually resolves when the baby is delivered. But the condition can serve as a听message听about her听future health and pregnancies.听
鈥淎听minority of women will remain diabetic or prediabetic,鈥澨she听says. 鈥Women with GDM have a ten-fold increased risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life,听and are likely to have a recurrence in subsequent pregnancies.听It鈥s essential that they implement the lifestyle modifications they learned during pregnancy.鈥听